Roth, Gregory A. et al. (2020)
Journal of the American College of Cardiology 76 (25): 2982–3021
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of´global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.